December 2009

Proceedings November 21, 2009 Dr. Carmine Grimaldi's body in autogenous psychotherapy: reflection and personal approach

Proceedings Adolescence: Sexuality ', WHO, 21 November 2009 SOLITUDES ANCONA

IL BODY IN PSYCHOTHERAPY AutoGen: PERSONAL REFLECTION AND METHOD
Dr. Carmine Grimaldi

Abstract

The Italian language uses the word "body" without further distinctions. It 'should, however, keep in mind these caveats. The body-anatomy and the lifeless body, that of the corpse, the body-body physiology studied by science, the body is the living-body anatomical and physiological based on eros: the love that active pushing development, action and self-realization. In this paper I use the term to mean body ever-living body.

PRINCIPLES OF PA

JH Schultz, father of the PA, sets as the basis of his theory and his method Soma (body), and only after the acquisition of conscious perception and it may go further, to know the mind and achieve self-awareness.

describe, in short, the concepts from which the PA is playing my reflection on the body and are shared by my method:
1) Autogenic training. ; ;
2) The unit of Psyche-Body-Spirit.
3) The concept of the body.
4) The concept of mind.
5) The concept of the unconscious psychosomatic.
6) The body schema. ; ;
7) The concept of training.

BODY FEELING (feeling the body)

Inspired by the observation of JH Schultz that gymnastics can be an opportunity to achieve this end, I thought it would be useful to know the body in its totality and in the functioning of parts of the movement. I, therefore, produce, over time, a sequence of physical exercises that activate the body with the movement in which, however, the inertia and the rest were included as moments of the whole.
I started, so, to devise a method of bodily activities that enable the perception of the parties and the total. I started:
1) by study and personal practice of some popular sports in the West: cycling, basketball, football, athletics, gymnastics, rugby, baseball,
2) study and personal practice of Japanese martial arts: judo, aikido , kendo, karate-do and Chinese Tai Chi;
3) the work of M. Liebl on the move free view "to the direction of education in the psyche"
4) the conceptual foundations of the PA expressed above.
Karate-do and practical in 1971 with the Japanese masters H. Shirai and T. Naito in the traditional style was the main source for the construction of the method of the Body Feeling (BF). The martial art of Japan has preserved and handed down the unit body-mind is not divisible in the practice of karate-do to culture in Japan. The method

The codification of the method was a long and amazing research and made an experiment:
1) about me in the first place;
2) practitioners of karate-do by my staff;
3) patients at the individual level;
4) the training groups to consciousness from the body.
The method of BF can be taught alone or prior to, during or after the PA as a function of the problem, the patient's personality, the contingency of socio-existential. It is composed of several stages: introduction, body training, free movement, breathing, feeding:

Introduction
Before teaching the method of manufacture BF introductory psychological work, inspired by the method of "before and after the TA" to H. Wallnöfer:
1) Test of the human figure.
a) Are asked to represent themselves on a white sheet.
b) is asked to represent the ideal human figure.
In both representations can be used to test the 8 colors of Lu ¨ screens.
2) Questions \\ Answers.
are encouraged participants to answer the following questions:
x0 - Who is the body for me?
x1 - What is the body for me?
x2 - How do I live my body?
x3 - What care I give him: when, where, how, to what end.
3) Re-test.
The same procedure is repeated at the end of the course or individual work
The material produced by the patient or by the participants in the group is first evaluated and then discussed by the therapist and worked together in the first or in groups.

Body Training

Before the technical exercises I give general guidance is to eliminate, or at least reduce, the fake reviews on the body, either to give a new perspective on the topic: how to live, learn and experience.
1) The body is a reality in itself and on schedule. The active movement, immediately and simultaneously, the body and psyche and reveals that produces sensitive, spontaneously, who is in the here and now of uninterrupted becoming of life. The significant perceived and processed in the consciousness creates self-consciousness mediated by the body.
2) The relationship with the world is first of all with the body. In life are body-presence-immediate which can not be concealed in contrast to the thoughts and feelings. The body "exposes" the man in the world and no other possible defense. The other sees everything my entire body that I can not see myself as a whole, but I can only feel and experience from within.
3) The body speaks and communicates. It 's the structure of nonverbal communication. Care must be taken, however, to interpret body language. In most cases you are wrong because it sees in what everyone thinks. The approach in the perspective of the way into the psyche "reads the other's body from impressions that rise in their own and avoid the projections.
4) The unit Psyche-Body-Spirit represented as a circle divided into three sectors are included in accordance with a continuous circle. The resulting feeling is the whole system. It differs by the setting of Bioenergetics separating the unitary energy source in humans in two ways: by playing the body and psyche, in my view, the traditional division.
5) Self-consciousness from the body follows this path: Unconscious psychosomatic Sentirepsicosomatico → → → Consciousness ElaborazioneCreativa → Action → definite sense. This is changed to the Western cultural tradition. No more from down from God to man, by reason of the body, but from the bottom up, from man to God, from body to mind.
6) Only the lived body is the basis of the person that reveals the life and being. The body of thought or imagined the body are "given" incomplete and can not achieve this purpose. Christ came to save the whole man and not only the soul has risen with his entire body. Openness to experience is genuine spontaneity that opens all'inedito and unexpected. Fear is often the cause of the unexpected removal of mental and bodily immobility.
7) The method of the BF differs from gymnastics because it goes beyond the only motor activation as a real "sense" of body experience in which it produced. A. Lowen said that exercises of Bioenergetics without psychoanalytic interpretation can not be held Bioenergetics. Similarly, the exercise of BF without the search for meaning with the method of "Sense in the Psyche" are simple exercises. The end of the method is the search for meaning and self-knowledge. The technique

During the exercises proceed following these rules:
1) Listen to your body concentrating within itself (sensory identification)
to perceive signals that the body produces during activation with movement.
2) Proceed from simple to complex. The exercise will run first in the simplest possible form, then gradually combine into more complex forms. It gives a chance to feel the part and the whole.
3) Proceed from easy to difficult. This approach makes fluid learning and encourages the person to avoid the frustration of not knowing to do. This behavior is frequently seen and causes discomfort and dislike for the practice. The omnipotence, in someone, to believe that you can know what has not yet learned.
4) Observe the symmetry. The perception of the midline, lateral, surface of the body and its disposal in space, oriented to the cardinal points: north-south (high-low), east-west (right-left) gives the sense of "limit". The exercises are performed in a symmetrical manner in both the left and right sides to make the acquisition of dominance and lateralization of body parts.
The physical exercises are done barefoot to promote the natural contact with the ground without the help of artificial shoes. Include several stages:
1) joint mobility affecting all joints of the body. A bottom in this order: knee-ankle-too-colonnavertebrale-shoulder-elbow-wrist-hand-head. The movements are performed slowly forward and backward first, then in a semicircular circular finally.
2) Stretching (lengthening) muscle-tendon. It runs in a state of psychosomatic tension relaxed, gradual and sustained in which we perceive the body part in question and avoid any rebound technique. We go from the tension "easy" to "moderate" then that of "development" that goes somewhat beyond the capabilities of the extensive body. When you go over the limit the possibility of your body is triggered automatically, the "reflection of tension: there is a painful tendon-muscle contraction to prevent organ damage because of excessive elongation.

The experience of this reflex makes people aware of the automatism inherent 'body, the mechanism of feedback (feedback) and the natural limit.
The experience of the limit is a lesson for the psyche as to understand that human knowledge is limited in itself. It begins with stretching exercises by lying on the ground, then standing in a more complex and increasing intensity. During the stretch fit abdominal exercises to increase the strength of the abdominal wall, strengthen the spine, making the flexible tendon-muscle component of the column, increase the possibility of balance.
3) The focus mimic. It activates the muscles and tendons of the face in this order: mouth, eyes, face and head. They give the "mimic" the person as manifested emotions spontaneously even before the words.
4) The heating body. It performs on-site hopping at different speeds. Engages the cardio-circulatory system. The heating is done only at this stage because the organism is only now prepared for the effort required.
5) Work in pairs. They put together two participants to perform the exercises together. It 'good to go over the edge of the body without activating the reflected voltage. This step allows us to understand the need to broaden the scope of this report physical and psychological. So too is experiencing the kind of emotional transference forces that emanate almost always in the report.
6) The pace. The exercises are performed with the movement at different speeds: harmonious, broken, explosive, slow motion. This phase can also be tested using a short sequence is a kata of karate-do or Tai Chi.
7) center. The research into the perception of gravity helps to understand the balance and stability. They are the result of the coordination of all body parts that also includes the proprioceptive component: the inner sensitivity of the organism. The techniques of martial arts and the study of their positions are of great use for this purpose. Falls of judo educate the lightness and softness, the circular movement of Aikido teaches how to neutralize the force of others and to benefit, the positions of the combat of the kendo and karate-do offering the opportunity to experience the balance and stability in unusual shapes for the West.
These exercises, once learned should be performed at home for two or three times a week.
The repetition of the exercises is to increase the development of strength, sensitivity, and automate the motor gesture. Be carried out constantly, gradually adjust. You must use only the weight of his body, avoiding the "weights" artificial.
The BF method is useful as preparation for any competitive sports and recreational activities. For example, when walking feels that the body performs a natural motion with alternating arms and legs, the impact of the foot on the ground, the swing of the head, the muscular contractions and change the dynamics motor as a function of walking speed.
When you learn to feel the body by the method of BF was also observed that the best path and is fun.
The race, an extension of walking, which is characterized by a phase of flight where the feet are separated from the soil, it becomes more fluid and drain
The practice of BF has an immediate advantage on the body that is reflected in the psyche. Turn on the body as a whole, improves posture, balance, coordination, tissue elasticity, stability, orientation, increases muscle strength and effectiveness. It follows that the activities of daily life take place better and to prevent injury by stretching, tearing, contractions and so on. The body in good "shape" allows you to correct bad habits body, cure the small pains due to age, set a good mood because it stimulates the secretion of endorphins, promotes lymphatic drainage and maintains bone density. The pleasure body relieves pain by reducing the stiffness, tension and negative consequences of stress.
time, duration and amount of exercise must be chosen from each according to his needs and physical conditions. It remains the fundamental rule that the time spent on the case of BF must be only for themselves without interference from outside. I suggest you turn off your phone and mobile phone that will not need to work out some background music to listen to the music that comes "inside" of us with mobility. E 'healthy focus only on what you are doing keeping the mind free of worries and devote time to self-practice.
sufficient space for the practice of BF can be of two square meters and also be made at home. There should be a roomy, airy and comfortable.
After each workout is absolutely necessary to take a moment to self-reflection on the experience showed during practice to seek the "meaning" themselves before they see the therapist.

FREE MOVEMENT

You run the "free movement" following the track of a piece of classical music. It is recommended not to follow the music, as an external stimulus to which to adapt or imitate the dancing, but to feel the feelings that the music stirs in him and express them with bodily movement. It is used to train the internal sense. At the beginning it is very difficult to perform the task because most people are accustomed to "react" or "adapt" to the external stimulus. Jump and use the right way to understand life and themselves.
After having acquired the ability to pass this stage to perform the movement without free music trying to represent the figurative body what you feel in the here and now execution. This will give coaches the ability to hear pure state without the mediation of reflection.
is revealed to be what it is, and while he is represented in the figures of the body you may know it and give it a meaning.
When the execution is carried out in a training group the emotional response of participants, not trained to make judgments on either the person or the technique of running mate helps him to test his feelings and to develop self-awareness. It includes the function of the teacher or coach sports martial: the observation that damage to the athlete can not achieve by himself.

CONSCIOUS BREATHING

Good breathing is essential for good health as it ensures the proper supply of oxygen throughout the body and the elimination of carbon dioxide is harmful to it. A Sanskrit proverb says: "Breathing is life. If you breathe well you will live long on earth. "
The human respiratory system consists of the rib cage, pleura and lungs from resting on the diaphragm with its motion affects the flow of air to give the voice acting on the vocal cords vocal system.
Breathing is a natural function that is characterized by being:
1) Mechanical Engineering. It consists of two automatic movements: inhaling the ambient air that enters the body by exhalation, which expels the air and enter the environment. Inspiration is an active movement because it requires the intervention of the costal muscles, the expiration is a passive movement almost entirely determined by the elasticity of the chest.
2) Semi-voluntary. The breath can hold or increase in frequency with the will within certain limits.
3) Conscious. All are aware of their breathing. The changes in motor activity, even daily, are associated with changes in respiratory rhythm-evident.
4) Emotional. The breath is linked with human emotions: fear stops him, anxiety accelerates. You can improve your self-awareness by observing its variations according to the emotional states that are experienced.

5) Symbolic. The breath was considered the breath of life in classical Greece: the presence of the divine spirit in man. His last breath he had, already in Homer, the sense of dying with it because the soul left the body. In yoga, breathing is the Prana, the life force of man.
For me, the breath is the paradigm of life as it is based on the interaction and exchange human-environment, just like breathing.
6) The frequency. The breaths (inspiration + expiration) at rest are usually of 16-18 per minute in humans and 18-20 in women. Adolescents, the frequency is 20-26 \\ min. and in the infant of 30-35 \\ min. The difference is due to the gradual spread by which the respiratory system during their lifetime.
7) The breathing mode:
a) thoracic breathing is centered on top of the chest: the ribs are lifted up, it expands the lungs laterally and backwards. In this way the air reaches the base and the apex of the lung with difficulty and never completely;
b) abdominal breathing activates the abdominal muscles acting on the diaphragm relaxed and let the chest. Is generated, so an expansion down that makes breathing more deeply and effectively allowing air to reach the apex and bases of the lung.
breathing awareness, once learned, to be linked with the practice of BF

To develop and implement the awareness of breathing, after lying on his back in a relaxed state, we proceed with this sequence:
1) Feel your breath that is characterized by habitual inhalation and exhalation long and short active and passive. The rate varies depending on the person and his physical conditions. Requires self-concentration within the self and self-observation.
2) To be aware of respiratory mechanics and its phases. In the inspiration you have, in sequence, the release of the abdomen, then the expansion of the chest, and finally the release of the clavicle. Exhalation proceed to the contrary, contraction of the clavicles, lower chest relaxed, tension abdomen. Carry breaths ceilings.
3) Declare the "Dead Space". The naso-tracheal tract has only a supporting role without possibility of gas exchange. He trains mouth-mouth, nose-nose, mouth, nose, mouth, nose, nasal breathing that takes place alternately closing one nostril with your fingers and breathing with the other open so sweet and slow.
4) Explore the diaphragm. Place the left or right hand on her belly and her movements are observed as a function of the respiratory system.
During inhalation the abdomen expands outside relaxes and arches his back, exhalation relaxes the back and port in the abdomen contracting.

5) Training the fractional respiration. The inhalation and exhalation are continuous, but interrupted at fixed intervals: 4 \\ 4, 8 / 8 or 4 \\ 8, 8 / 4 etc.
6) Experiment with breathing martial characterized by a short and quick inhaling and exhaling a slow and long. Contrary to what occurs naturally.
7) Study the breath-hold. After you inhale holds its breath (apnea) for a period of time before exhaling. With this exercise and the previous one can be aware of the automation and semi-voluntary nature of respiratory function.
8) Make the breathing with the movement. Lie on your back on the floor with your legs bent and arms outstretched with the palms on the ground is inspired by bringing the palms upwards and exhale when you bring your hands to its previous state. Experimenting at this stage many types of movement. Then the breathing goes to the BF
The timing of different phases and the number of repetitions, as always, vary depending on the personality and the degree of physical conditions.
After each session on respiration is carried out analysis on the psychological experience showed during practice to grasp its meaning.
; CONCLUSION

Method of Body Feeling to hear, learn and maintain a healthy body as the foundation of the psyche and consciousness of self, complements and completes the phase of somatic Autogenic Psychotherapy. The activation of the body through movement improves the perception of body image, solves the age-related physical problems, reduces the voltage produced by stress and consequently the frequency of discharges autogenous, makes the identification sensory wider, deeper and quickly, promotes relaxation and pleasure of relaxation. The Body Feeling
following in his process of the body schema TA base and shares the conceptual foundations of the PA can be considered, therefore, a means to expand self-awareness through entertainment and knowledge of the body and useful addition to the PA in some clinical cases, especially in the pathology Psychosomatic difficult to solve, it becomes a necessity.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Dolcetti M., The concept of a person in the philosophy of Hegel, Thesis, University of Urbino, 1995. MG
Carlini, P. Farnsworth, The Body in psychology, Patron, Padova, 1979.
C. Grimaldi, karate-do in shaping the character, Pequod, Ancona, 2006.
C. Grimaldi, The concept of C in the culture of Japan and psychotherapy, Metrics, Ancona, 2007.
Grimaldi C., Reflections on the autogenous principle and the idea of \u200b\u200bbionomics in the dimension of feeling, Metrics, 2005.
E. Husserl, Ideas for a Pure Phenomenology and a Phenomenological Philosophy vol. I and II, Einaudi, Torino, 2002.
Schultz JH, psychotherapy bionomic, Masson, Milan, 2001.
Schultz JH, Autogenic Training Vol I and II, Feltrinelli, Milano, 1977.

Dr. Carmine Grimaldi
Proceedings Adolescence: Sexuality ', WHO, 21 November 2009 SOLITUDES ANCONA

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